Question

What brings ‘responsibility’ and where does it rest upon?

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding the context.
The passage clearly states that both freedom and power bring responsibility. When a nation attains freedom, it not only gains rights but also takes upon itself the duty to protect, guide, and uplift its citizens. Freedom cannot exist in isolation; it must always be accompanied by a sense of duty.
Step 2: Where does the responsibility rest?
This responsibility rests upon the sovereign body representing the sovereign people of India, i.e., the assembly of representatives chosen by the people. They are entrusted with the moral, constitutional, and social duty to ensure justice, equality, liberty, and progress for all.
Step 3: Broad interpretation.
In simpler words, independence brings challenges along with rights, and the responsibility of handling these challenges lies with the leaders who govern on behalf of the people. They must ensure the promises of freedom are fulfilled through action and service.
Conclusion:
Thus, freedom and power bring responsibility, and it rests upon the shoulders of the sovereign body that represents the people of India.

Answer 2

Step 1: Definition of service of India.
The service of India means dedicating oneself to the upliftment and welfare of its citizens, especially the millions who suffer from poverty, hunger, disease, and ignorance. It is not merely a duty of the government but also the responsibility of every citizen to work toward the betterment of society.
Step 2: Detailed explanation.
Serving India involves:
Removal of poverty: Ensuring that every individual has access to basic needs such as food, shelter, and clothing.
Removal of ignorance: Promoting education and awareness so that no one remains in darkness.
Removal of disease: Ensuring healthcare facilities and a healthy environment for all citizens.
Ensuring equality of opportunity: Providing fair chances for growth and development, irrespective of caste, creed, or community.

Step 3: Philosophical meaning.
The service of India is symbolic of serving humanity itself. It means striving to wipe away every tear from every eye, as long as there is suffering in the world. It is about making democracy meaningful by working for the people, of the people, and by the people.
Conclusion:
Thus, the service of India is not limited to governance but is a lifelong commitment to justice, equality, liberty, and welfare for every citizen. It is the true essence of freedom and democracy.

Answer 3

Step 1: Understanding constitutional duty.
The Government of any democratic nation is bound by its Constitution. In India, the Constitution gives both rights and duties to the citizens, and simultaneously it places a moral and constitutional duty upon the Government to safeguard those rights and ensure the welfare of the people.
Step 2: Explanation of duties.
The passage highlights that the Government or the political party in power must ensure:
Health: Providing proper healthcare facilities for every citizen.
Education: Ensuring free and compulsory education, especially for children.
Justice: Maintaining fairness and equality in society.
Equality and Liberty: Guaranteeing equal rights irrespective of caste, creed, religion, or community.
Food and livelihood: Providing basic necessities like food and employment so that every citizen can live with dignity.

Step 3: Broad meaning.
This means the Government is not only a political authority but also a guardian of people’s welfare. It must strive for the upliftment of the poor and weaker sections, and work to remove inequality, poverty, ignorance, and disease.
Conclusion:
Thus, the moral and constitutional duty of the Government is to work for the overall welfare of its citizens by ensuring health, education, justice, equality, liberty, and food for all.

Answer 4

Step 1: Definition.
The term democracy is derived from the Greek words “demos” (people) and “kratos” (power or rule). Thus, democracy literally means “rule of the people.” It is a system of government in which power is vested in the people and exercised directly or through elected representatives.
Step 2: Explanation from the passage.
The passage explains democracy as a Government of the people, by the people, and for the people. This means:
It is of the people because leaders are chosen from among ordinary citizens.
It is by the people because citizens elect their representatives through voting.
It is for the people because the ultimate goal of democracy is the welfare and service of the people.

Step 3: Broader interpretation.
Democracy is not only a form of government but also a way of life. It ensures equality, liberty, justice, and fraternity. It allows every citizen to express their views, criticize policies, and contribute to nation-building.
Conclusion:
Thus, democracy is a system where the power belongs to the people, and the government exists to serve the interests and welfare of its citizens.

Answer 5

Step 1: Recall the meaning of ‘ceaseless’.
The word ‘ceaseless’ means something that is continuous, never-ending, or without stopping.
Step 2: Find in the passage.
In the passage, the word used is “incessant”, which carries the same meaning as ceaseless, i.e., continuous or unending.
Conclusion:
The word in the passage that means ‘ceaseless’ is incessant.

Answer 6

Step 1: Recall the meaning of ‘slavery’.
Slavery means bondage, subjugation, or the state of being under someone’s control without freedom.
Step 2: Find in the passage.
The opposite of slavery is freedom or independence. In the passage, the word used is “liberty”, which directly contrasts with slavery, signifying independence and the right to live freely.
Conclusion:
The word in the passage opposite to ‘slavery’ is liberty.

Answer 7

Step 1: Understanding the term.
‘Inequality of opportunity’ refers to a condition where all individuals do not get the same chances in life, such as access to education, jobs, health care, or resources.
Step 2: Context in the passage.
In the passage, the author emphasizes that true service of India means not only ending poverty and ignorance but also ensuring that every citizen gets equal chances to progress in life. If some sections of society are denied education, employment, or justice because of caste, creed, wealth, or status, this is called inequality of opportunity.
Step 3: Conclusion.
Thus, in the passage, ‘inequality of opportunity’ means the unfair situation where some people are deprived of the same rights and chances for growth that others enjoy.