Four healthy people in their twenties got involved in injuries resulting in damage and death of a few cells of the following. Which of the cells are least likely to be replaced by new cells?
Osteocytes
Malpighian layer of the skin
Liver cells
Neurons
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Neurons have the lowest likelihood of being replaced by new cells. Neurons, which are specialized nerve cells, generally lack significant regenerative capabilities, especially in most areas of the adult human brain and spinal cord. In contrast:
- Osteocytes, responsible for bone maintenance, can be replaced over time, particularly in response to bone injuries or changes.
- Malpighian layer of the skin have a relatively fast turnover rate, as new skin cells continually replace old or damaged ones.
- Liver cells, residing in the liver, possess impressive regenerative potential, allowing the liver to recover from various forms of injury or cell loss.
In summary, neurons are the least likely to be replaced by new cells, while the other cell types mentioned exhibit varying degrees of replacement and regeneration mechanisms.
∴The correct option is (D): Neurons.
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Concepts Used:
Human Nervous System
The human nervous system is responsible for controlling and coordinating all the activities of the human body.
The three major functions of the human nervous system are:
- Gathering or assembling sensory information from the body and external environment.
- Processing and interpreting the sensory information acquired.
- Conveying or transferring appropriate response to the sensory information acquired.
The nervous system is mainly divided into two, namely:
The Central Nervous System (CNS) comprises the brain and spinal cord.
- The brain is majorly involved in the perception and processing of sensory input. It also regulates or manages voluntary motor responses and homeostatic mechanisms.
- The spinal cord act as a pathway for the transmission of information between the brain and the peripheral nervous system. It also takes action on reflex actions.
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) comprises sensory/motor neurons and ganglion.