To answer this question, it's crucial to understand the context in which the term "Orientalism" is used. In this passage, Orientalism is used in the sense of identity. The author emphasizes that when people speak the same language and understand each other, the concept of Orientalism disappears, highlighting the role of language in breaking down cultural and identity barriers.
Option 2 is correct as it mentions learning another language, capturing the essence of the passage. Option 1 is not fitting because goodwill or globalization is not the primary intention discussed in the passage. Option 4 takes the term "Orientalism" literally, while the author has used it in a specific context related to identity defined by language. Therefore, Option 4 is not the appropriate choice.
This question pertains to application. The response to such queries is not explicitly provided in the passage but needs to be inferred from the author's main points. The author advocates for acquiring a new language, believing it facilitates the breakdown of cultural barriers. Consequently, if a French ethnographer opts to explore the culture of a Nigerian tribe, the author unequivocally suggests that learning their language would enhance the ethnographer's ability to study the tribe effectively.
As for the question's difficulty, it is straightforward, and the correct selection is undoubtedly option 3.
This question is also addressable by considering the main argument presented by the author. The author contends that language serves as a means to overcome cultural and inherent identity barriers. To undermine this viewpoint, critics of the author would express opinions contradictory to this assertion. Option 3 stands out as the most suitable choice.
Option 1 aligns with the author's perspective, while Option 2 is unrelated to language. Option 4, on the other hand, falls outside the scope of the discussion.
This question is straightforward and can be answered by referencing the third-to-last paragraph of the passage.
The passage states, "My identity as a white male was far less important than my ability to communicate." This justifies ruling out Option 2.
If you are welcomed because you speak a particular language, it implies an intrinsic connection with your identity. The ability to speak a language leads people to identify you as someone similar to them, and they welcome you. This aligns with the context of the passage.
The third-to-last paragraph of the passage explicitly mentions Option 4.
Option 3 is the correct choice because it does not relate to the language's ability to change us, which is the focus of the passage.
Read the sentence and infer the writer's tone: "The politician's speech was filled with lofty promises and little substance, a performance repeated every election season."