Question:

Extranuclear inheritance occurs in

Updated On: Apr 3, 2024
  • killer Paramaecium
  • killer Amoeba
  • Euglena
  • Hydra.
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Cytoplasmic inheritance is the passage of traits from parents to offspring through structures present in the cytoplasm of the contributing gametes. These structures may be kappa in Paramecium. These particles are not only inherited but are also infective, since they can be introduced into new hosts without the need of actual process of reproduction. Further the presence and reproduction of these infective particles may also depend on nuclear genes.
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Concepts Used:

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

DNA Replication:

DNA synthesis is commenced at particular points within the DNA strand referred to as ‘origins’, which are certain coding regions. There are numerous origin sites, and when replication of DNA starts, these sites are mentioned as replication forks. Within the replication, the complex is the enzyme DNA Helicase, so that they can be utilized as a template for replication. DNA Primase is another enzyme that's essential in DNA replication.

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is an essential biological macromolecule that exists all together in biological cells. It is principally involved in the synthesis of proteins, that carry the messenger instructions from DNA, which itself contains the genetic instructions needed for the event and maintenance of life. In some viruses, RNA, in spite of DNA, carries genetic information.

Genetic Code:

Genetic code is the term we use in the manner that the four bases of DNA--the A, C, G, and Ts--are strung together in a way that the ribosome, the cellular machinery, can read them and switch them into a protein. In the ordering, every three nucleotides during a row count as a triplet and code for one amino alkanoic acid.

Read More: Molecular Basis of Inheritance