Question

Explain the following giving examples.
(a) Saturated solution
(b) Pure substance
(c) Colloid
(d) Suspension

Answer 1

(a) Saturated solution: A solution in which no more amount of solute can be dissolved at a particular temperature is called saturated solution. 
Example: when sugar is dissolved repeatedly in a given amount of water, a condition is reached at which further dissolution of sugar is not possible in that amount of water at room temperature.

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(b) Pure substance: A substance made up of single type of particles (atoms and/or molecules) is called pure substance. All elements and compounds are said to be pure.
Example: water, sugar etc.

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(c) Colloid: A heterogeneous mixture in which the solute particle size is too small to be seen with the naked eye, but is big enough to scatter light is known as Colloid. There are two phases in colloidal solution Dispersed phase: solute particles are said to be dispersed phase Dispersion medium: the medium in which solute particles are spread is called the dispersion medium. 
Example: Milk, clouds etc., are the example of colloid.

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(d) Suspension: A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which the solute particles do not dissolve but remain suspended throughout the bulk of the medium. Particles of suspension are visible to the naked eye.
Example: Mixture of sand, Water and Muddy water etc.