Question

Explain the causes and effects of Dowry system in India.

Hint:

The dowry system negatively impacts gender equality and social justice. Strict legal enforcement and social awareness are key to eradicating it.

Answer 1

The dowry system in India is a social evil where the bride’s family gives money, property, or gifts to the groom’s family at the time of marriage. Despite legal prohibitions, it remains prevalent in many parts of the country. Causes of the Dowry System:
Patriarchal Society: Preference for male dominance in economic and social matters.
Social Status: Dowry is seen as a symbol of prestige in some communities.
Economic Burden on Women: Lack of financial independence among women.
Marriage as a Transaction: The practice of treating marriage as an economic agreement.
Weak Implementation of Laws: Despite the Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961, enforcement is weak.
Effects of the Dowry System:
Financial Burden: Families of brides often suffer severe financial hardship.
Dowry Deaths and Violence: Cases of domestic violence, harassment, and dowry deaths have increased.
Gender Imbalance: Preference for male children leads to female foeticide.
Delay in Marriages: Families struggle to meet dowry demands, leading to delayed marriages.
Psychological Trauma: Emotional distress for women facing dowry-related pressure.
Government Measures:
Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 – Declares dowry transactions illegal.
Section 498A of IPC – Penalizes dowry harassment.
Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Scheme – Promotes education and empowerment of girls.
Awareness Campaigns – Government and NGOs spread awareness against dowry.