Question

Explain Sternberg's Triarchic Theory or Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences.

Hint:

Sternberg → Analytical, Creative, Practical Gardner → Multiple independent intelligences

Answer 1

Concept: Modern theories of intelligence emphasize that intelligence is not a single ability but a combination of different cognitive skills. Two important theories are Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory and Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences.
1. Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence Proposed by Robert Sternberg, this theory states that intelligence has three components: 1. Analytical Intelligence:

Problem-solving and logical reasoning
Academic intelligence
Example: Solving math problems
2. Creative Intelligence:

Ability to deal with new situations
Innovation and imagination
Example: Writing stories, inventing ideas
3. Practical Intelligence:

Ability to adapt to real-life situations
Common sense or "street smart"
Example: Managing daily life tasks

2. Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences Proposed by Howard Gardner, this theory suggests that intelligence is not single but consists of multiple independent types. Major Types of Intelligence:

Linguistic Intelligence (language skills)
Logical-Mathematical Intelligence (reasoning ability)
Spatial Intelligence (visual thinking)
Musical Intelligence (rhythm and sound)
Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence (physical coordination)
Interpersonal Intelligence (understanding others)
Intrapersonal Intelligence (self-awareness)
Naturalistic Intelligence (understanding nature)
Key Difference:

Sternberg → Focuses on how intelligence is used
Gardner → Focuses on different types of intelligence