Question

Explain any five problems faced by the agricultural sector in India.

Hint:

Physical and economic factors are the most significant drivers of population distribution, as people tend to settle in areas with favorable conditions for living, working, and accessing resources.

Answer 1

The distribution of the world population is influenced by various physical, social, economic, and political factors. The key factors that affect population distribution are:
Physical Factors:
Natural features such as climate, soil fertility, water availability, and landforms play a significant role in determining where people live. For example, people tend to live in regions with temperate climates, fertile soils, and access to water resources, while deserts, high mountain ranges, and polar regions have sparse populations.
Economic Factors:
Availability of employment, industries, and economic opportunities influences population distribution. Urban areas with thriving industries and commerce tend to attract people from rural areas and less developed regions. For example, metropolitan cities like New York, London, and Tokyo have high population densities due to economic opportunities.
Political Factors:
Political stability and government policies can greatly influence the movement of people. Regions with peaceful political environments and favorable policies such as tax incentives, land distribution, or migration schemes tend to have a more balanced population distribution. On the other hand, regions with conflict or political instability often experience population decline or displacement.
Cultural and Social Factors:
Cultural, religious, and historical ties often influence where people settle. Regions with social infrastructure, such as education, healthcare, and cultural facilities, tend to attract larger populations. For instance, major cultural and religious centers like Mecca, Jerusalem, and Varanasi have significant populations due to their cultural and social importance.
Technological Advances:
Advances in transportation and communication technologies have made it easier for people to move and settle in previously inaccessible regions. Modern infrastructure such as highways, airports, and internet connectivity has enabled the growth of cities in areas that were once considered inhospitable.