Question

Examine the role of Gandhiji after the freedom of India.

Answer 1

Although Mahatma Gandhi is most remembered for his leadership during the struggle for independence, his role did not end with the attainment of freedom in 1947. Despite refusing any official position in the new government, Gandhi continued to influence the political and social life of the nation through his moral authority and personal example.

Appeal for Peace during Partition: Gandhi played a crucial role in quelling communal violence during and after the Partition of India. At the age of 78, he toured the riot-affected areas of Bengal and Delhi, urging Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs to maintain peace. His efforts helped restore calm in Noakhali and Delhi.

Support for Unity and Inclusion: He opposed the idea of hatred between communities and continued advocating for Hindu-Muslim unity even in the face of growing animosity. His fasts for communal harmony were symbolic yet impactful.

Focus on Rural Reconstruction: Gandhi emphasized the importance of villages and promoted his idea of ‘Gram Swaraj’. He believed that real independence could only be achieved through self-sufficient villages and upliftment of the rural poor.

Vision for Nation-Building: He urged the Congress to become a people’s social service organization and not a political party after independence. He emphasized moral values, education based on craft (Nai Talim), and the removal of untouchability.

Martyrdom and Legacy: Gandhi was assassinated on January 30, 1948, just months after independence. His death shocked the nation and highlighted his continuing relevance. His ideas of non-violence, truth, and secularism continue to guide the Indian Republic. Even after independence, Gandhiji's influence remained foundational in shaping India’s social conscience and ethical framework for governance.