Question

Enumerate the pharmacological agents (with dosage) used in intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma.

Hint:

Combination therapy with agents like Melphalan, Topotecan, and Carboplatin enhances the effectiveness of intra-arterial chemotherapy in treating retinoblastoma.

Answer 1

Step 1: Pharmacological Agents Used in IAC:
Several chemotherapy agents are used in intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma, each with specific indications and dosages:
1. Melphalan: Melphalan is the most commonly used agent in IAC. The usual dosage is 3-5 mg per eye, administered directly into the ophthalmic artery.
2. Topotecan: This is often combined with Melphalan in treatment protocols. The typical dose is 0.5 mg per eye, injected into the ophthalmic artery.
3. Carboplatin: Carboplatin may be used alone or in combination with other drugs. The dosage is typically 10-20 mg per eye, injected into the ophthalmic artery.
4. Vincristine: Vincristine may be used in combination therapy for retinoblastoma. The recommended dosage is 0.05-0.1 mg/kg intravenously.