The compounds in which central atom has less than $8$ electrons in their valence shell are electron deficient compounds.
(a) $CCl_4Cl - \underset{\overset{|}{C}l}{\overset{\underset{|}{C}l}{C}} - Cl$
Carbon (central atom) has $8$ electrons in valence shell, $4$ from carbon and $1$ electron each from four chlorine atom.
Phosphorus (central atom) has $10$ electrons in valence shell, $5$ from $P$ and one each from five chlorine atoms.
Boron (central atom) has $6$ electrons in valence shell, $3$ from boron and one each from three fluorine atoms.
$\because$ Boron in $BF _{3}$ has less than $8$ electrons.
$\therefore$ it is electron deficient molecule and is correct answer.
Sulphur (central atom) has $12$ electrons in valence shell, $6$ from sulphur and one each from six fluorine atoms.
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Top Questions on Chemical bonding and molecular structure
Such a group of atoms is called a molecule. Obviously, there must be some force that holds these constituent atoms together in the molecules. The attractive force which holds various constituents (atoms, ions, etc.) together in different chemical species is called a chemical bond.
Types of Chemical Bonds:
There are 4 types of chemical bonds which are formed by atoms or molecules to yield compounds.
Ionic Bonds - Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bonding which involves a transfer of electrons from one atom or molecule to another.
Covalent Bonds - Compounds that contain carbon commonly exhibit this type of chemical bonding.
Hydrogen Bonds - It is a type of polar covalent bonding between oxygen and hydrogen wherein the hydrogen develops a partial positive charge
Polar Bonds - In Polar Covalent chemical bonding, electrons are shared unequally since the more electronegative atom pulls the electron pair closer to itself and away from the less electronegative atom.
Factors Affecting Bond Enthalpy in Chemical Bonding:
