Question

Each phase of the research process is important. If in the first phase of the process the problem is identified, what is done after that but before data is collected?

• A. Determine the solution to the problem, identify relevant information sources and evaluate data collection methods
• B. Determine what information is needed, identify relevant information sources, and evaluate data collection methods
• C. Determine the solution to the problem, determine what information is needed, and identify relevant information sources
• D. Determine what information is needed, evaluate data collection methods, and analyze the data

Hint:

After stating the problem, think “Info–Source–Method”: what do we need, where can we get it, and how will we collect it? Never jump to solutions or analysis at this stage.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

In the research process, each phase plays a crucial role in ensuring robust and reliable outcomes. After identifying the research problem—the initial phase—the subsequent step involves preparing for data collection, which includes three important tasks: determining what information is needed, identifying relevant information sources, and evaluating data collection methods. This phase is integral as it lays down the foundation for effectively acquiring and analyzing the data required to address the research problem.

• Determine what information is needed: This involves specifying the precise data required to answer the research questions or test the hypotheses. Clearly defining this information helps in targeting the data collection efforts.
• Identify relevant information sources: Once the needed information is ascertained, the next step is to source the information. This could range from primary sources like surveys and experiments to secondary sources such as journals and databases.
• Evaluate data collection methods: It's critical to determine the most appropriate and efficient methods for data collection. This could involve weighing different methodologies, assessing their validity, reliability, and appropriateness for the research objectives.

Taking these steps ensures that the research is built on a strong methodological foundation before data collection begins, which is vital for deriving valid and actionable insights from the research.