Question

Draw and show the breathing circuit types used for non-invasive ventilation.

Hint:

Non-invasive ventilation circuits, such as CPAP and BiPAP, are essential for managing patients with respiratory distress without the need for intubation.

Answer 1

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is a method of providing respiratory support without the need for intubation. Different breathing circuits are used based on the type of NIV, such as Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and Bi-level Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP).
Step 1: Types of Breathing Circuits for NIV:
1. CPAP Circuit: A CPAP circuit provides continuous positive airway pressure to keep the airways open. It consists of a mask, tubing, and a CPAP device that delivers constant airflow throughout the breathing cycle.
2. BiPAP Circuit: A BiPAP circuit provides two levels of pressure: higher pressure during inspiration (IPAP) and lower pressure during expiration (EPAP). The circuit includes a mask, tubing, and a BiPAP machine that automatically adjusts the pressure based on the patient's breathing pattern.

Step 2: Circuit Components:
1. Mask: The mask is placed over the nose or both the nose and mouth, delivering the prescribed pressure. Different mask types (full face, nasal, etc.) are used based on patient comfort and condition.
2. Tubing: Flexible tubes connect the mask to the CPAP or BiPAP device. The tubing delivers the air from the machine to the patient's airways.
3. Pressure Generator: The CPAP or BiPAP device acts as the pressure generator, ensuring that the required airway pressure is maintained throughout the breathing cycle.