Question

Do as directed :
(i) Mrs. Srivastava had to do some shopping.
(Pick out the infinitive)
(ii) I heard a complaint.
(Begin the sentence with 'A complaint ................')

Hint:

To spot an infinitive, look for "to + verb". For changing to passive voice, remember the formula: The object becomes the subject, use "be + past participle" for the verb, and the original subject becomes the object (often with 'by').

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
This question has two parts. Part (i) asks to identify the infinitive in a sentence. Part (ii) asks to rewrite a sentence in the passive voice, starting with the given words.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
(i) Pick out the infinitive
- Sentence: Mrs. Srivastava had to do some shopping.
- Key Concept: An infinitive is the base form of a verb, usually preceded by the word 'to'. It functions as a noun, adjective, or adverb.
- In the given sentence, 'to do' is the base form of the verb 'do' preceded by 'to'.
- Answer: The infinitive is to do.
(ii) Begin the sentence with 'A complaint ................'
- Original Sentence: I heard a complaint. (Active Voice)
- Structure (Active): Subject (I) + Verb (heard) + Object (a complaint).
- Key Concept: To change to passive voice, the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. The verb form changes to a form of 'to be' + past participle. The original subject can be added at the end with 'by'.
- Transformation:
1. The object 'a complaint' becomes the new subject.
2. The verb 'heard' is in the simple past tense. The passive form will be 'was' + past participle of 'hear' (which is 'heard'). So, 'was heard'.
3. The original subject 'I' becomes the object 'by me'.
- Passive Sentence: A complaint was heard by me.
- Answer: A complaint was heard by me.