DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes transcription on one strand of the DNA which is called the
- template strand
- coding strand
- alpha strand
- antistrand
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
DNA-dependent RNA Polymerase
The DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the polymerization of RNA in only one direction, which is from 5' to 3'. This directionality is important for the synthesis of RNA.
The strand that has polarity 5' to 3' acts as the template during RNA transcription. This strand is referred to as the template strand because it provides the necessary sequence information to synthesize the RNA molecule.
Explanation:
- 5' to 3' direction: RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA in the 5' to 3' direction, meaning the new RNA strand is built in the opposite direction to the template strand (3' to 5').
- Template strand: The template strand provides the complementary sequence for the synthesis of RNA. RNA is synthesized by base-pairing with the template strand, where adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U) (instead of thymine (T) in DNA), cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G), and vice versa.
This process is essential for gene expression, as the RNA produced serves as a blueprint for protein synthesis during translation.
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Concepts Used:
The Molecular Basis of Inheritance
DNA Replication:
DNA synthesis is commenced at particular points within the DNA strand referred to as ‘origins’, which are certain coding regions. There are numerous origin sites, and when replication of DNA starts, these sites are mentioned as replication forks. Within the replication, the complex is the enzyme DNA Helicase, so that they can be utilized as a template for replication. DNA Primase is another enzyme that's essential in DNA replication.
RNA:
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is an essential biological macromolecule that exists all together in biological cells. It is principally involved in the synthesis of proteins, that carry the messenger instructions from DNA, which itself contains the genetic instructions needed for the event and maintenance of life. In some viruses, RNA, in spite of DNA, carries genetic information.
Genetic Code:
Genetic code is the term we use in the manner that the four bases of DNA--the A, C, G, and Ts--are strung together in a way that the ribosome, the cellular machinery, can read them and switch them into a protein. In the ordering, every three nucleotides during a row count as a triplet and code for one amino alkanoic acid.
Read More: Molecular Basis of Inheritance