Question

Distinguish between hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.

Hint:

Thyroid hormones regulate metabolism; TSH levels help diagnose thyroid disorders (high in hypothyroidism, low in hyperthyroidism).

Answer 1

\[ \begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|} \hline Feature & Hyperthyroidism & Hypothyroidism
\hline Definition & Overproduction of thyroid hormones (T3, T4) & Underproduction of thyroid hormones
Cause & Graves’ disease, thyroid nodules & Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, iodine deficiency
Metabolism & Increased (high BMR) & Decreased (low BMR)
Symptoms & Weight loss, heat intolerance, rapid heartbeat, anxiety & Weight gain, cold intolerance, fatigue, depression
Treatment & Antithyroid drugs, surgery, radioactive iodine & Hormone replacement (levothyroxine)
\hline \end{tabular} \]