Question

Discuss the impacts of Green Revolution on Indian villages.

Hint:

The Green Revolution improved India's food security but also created environmental and socio-economic challenges that need sustainable solutions.

Answer 1

The Green Revolution in India was introduced in the 1960s to increase agricultural productivity through modern farming techniques. Positive Impacts:
Increased Crop Production: Higher yield of wheat, rice, and other cereals.
Use of High-Yielding Varieties (HYVs): Improved seed quality led to better productivity.
Mechanization of Agriculture: Use of tractors, harvesters, and irrigation systems.
Reduction in Food Shortage: Increased self-sufficiency in food production.
Growth in Agro-Based Industries: Enhanced rural employment opportunities.
Negative Impacts:
Regional Disparities: Benefits were concentrated in states like Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh.
Soil Degradation: Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides led to land depletion.
Water Crisis: Overuse of irrigation systems caused groundwater depletion.
Social Inequality: Rich farmers benefited more than small and marginal farmers.