Mentally retarded children exhibit significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. Characteristics include delays in developmental milestones such as speech, social skills, and self-care. Cognitive abilities often fall below the average IQ level (usually below 70). They may struggle with abstract thinking, problem-solving, and academic performance. Emotional and social challenges, along with difficulties in understanding social norms, are common. However, these children can benefit from early intervention programs, specialized education, and support to maximize their potential.