Question

Discuss critically the role of SAARC in South Asia.

Hint:

Evaluate regional organizations not just by their goals but by their actual impact and the challenges they face.

Answer 1

The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) was established in 1985 to promote regional economic and social development among its member states. It comprises Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. While SAARC has facilitated cooperation in areas such as education, healthcare, and cultural exchange, it has largely failed to achieve significant economic and political integration. The ongoing conflict between India and Pakistan has hindered decision-making and regional collaboration. Trade within SAARC remains low due to mutual distrust, restrictive trade policies, and poor connectivity. Furthermore, the organization lacks strong enforcement mechanisms, making it difficult to implement agreements effectively. Despite its limitations, SAARC continues to play a role in disaster management and regional dialogue, albeit with limited influence compared to other regional organizations.