Differentiate between the following. - Wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve
- Zoo and wildlife sanctuary
- Endangered and extinct species
- Flora and fauna
- Wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve
- Zoo and wildlife sanctuary
- Endangered and extinct species
- Flora and fauna
Solution and Explanation
(a)
| Wildlife sanctuary | Biosphere reserve |
|---|---|
| It is an area within which animals are protected from possible dangers such as hunting. Their habitat is also conserved in this area. | It is a large protected area constructed for the conservation of biodiversity. |
| It provides protection and suitable living conditions to wild animals. | It helps in the conservation of various life forms such as plants, animals, and micro-organisms. |
| Pachmarhi sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary. | Pachmarhi biosphere reserve is a popular biosphere reserve. |
(b)
| Zoo | Wild life sanctuary |
|---|---|
| It is a facility in which animals are kept for public exhibition. | It is an area within which animals are protected from possible dangers such as hunting. Their habitat is also conserved in this area. |
| It is an artificial habitat | It conserves the natural habitat of animals. |
(c)
| Endangered species | Extinct species |
|---|---|
| It is a population of species that is on the verge of becoming extinct. | It is a population of species that no longer exists. Hence, it is extinct. |
| Blue whale, tiger, leopard, etc. are examples of endangered species. | Dodo, passenger pigeon, etc. are examples of extinct species. |
(d)
| Flora | Fauna |
|---|---|
| It refers to all living plants in a particular area. | It refers to all animals living in a particular area. |
| Sal, teak, mango, etc. form the flora of Pachmarhi biosphere reserve. | Leopard, wolf, wild dog, etc. form the fauna of Pachmarhi biosphere reserve. |
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Concepts Used:
Biodiversity and Conservation
The term ‘biodiversity’ is derived from the two words- ‘bios' which means life and ‘diversity’ i.e, differentiation or variation. Edward Wilson, the sociobiologist was the first to popularise the term ‘biodiversity’ in the year 1992. The term implies the occurrence of various plants and animals along with their variants such as biotypes, ecotypes and genes on earth. In our biosphere, the immense diversity or heterogeneity remains not only at the species level but also, at every level of biological organization that ranges from macromolecules in the cells to biomes.
Biodiversity and Conservation is a topic covered under the fifteenth chapter and Unit 5 of NCERT class 12 biology.