Question

Differentiate between ferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism based on their magnetic domain alignment. The following statement accurately describes ferrimagnetism:

• A. Magnetic domains align in opposite directions, cancelling each other out
• B. Magnetic domains align in the same direction, enhancing the magnetic effect
• C. Magnetic domains align in opposite directions, but unequal in number, creating a net magnetic moment
• D. Magnetic domains do not align in any specific direction, leading to a weak magnetic effect

Hint:

Ferrimagnetism = opposing magnetic moments, but unbalanced — so a net magnetism remains!

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Ferrimagnetism is a type of magnetic ordering seen in materials like ferrites. It is different from both ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism.
Magnetic Domain Behavior in Ferrimagnetism:

• In ferrimagnetic materials, magnetic domains (atomic magnetic moments) are aligned in opposite directions, similar to antiferromagnetism.
• However, the magnetic moments are unequal in magnitude, so they do not cancel out completely.
• This results in a net magnetic moment, making the material magnetic overall.
• Ferrimagnetic materials retain magnetism and are widely used in transformer cores and magnetic storage.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

• (A) Describes antiferromagnetism, where equal and opposite moments cancel out.
• (B) Describes ferromagnetism, where all domains align in the same direction.
• (D) Describes paramagnetism or disordered states, not ferrimagnetism.

Hence, ferrimagnetism is best described as oppositely aligned but unequal domains producing a net magnetic moment.