Differentiate between :
(a) Racemose and cymose inflorescence
(b) Apocarpous and syncarpous ovary
(a) Racemose and cymose inflorescence
(b) Apocarpous and syncarpous ovary
Solution and Explanation
(a) Racemose inflorescence and Cymose inflorescence:
| Racemose inflorescence | Cymose inflorescence |
|---|---|
| Younger flowers are present at the tip while older flowers are arranged at the base of this inflorescence. Such an arrangement is called acropetal succession. | Younger flowers are present at the base of the inflorescence, while older flowers are present at the top. Such an arrangement is called basipetal succession. |
| The main axis in racemose inflorescence continues to grow and produce flowers laterally. | The main axis in cymose inflorescence has limited growth, which later terminates into a flower. |
(b) Apocarpous and syncarpous ovary:
| Apocarpous | syncarpous ovary |
|---|---|
| The flowers with apocarpus ovary have more than one carpel. These carpels are free. | The flowers with syncarpous ovary have more than one carpel. However, these carpels are fused. |
| It is found in lotus and rose flowers. | It is found in the flowers of tomato and mustard. |
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Concepts Used:
Inflorescence
The term inflorescence comes under the method morphology of flowering plants. The Morphology of flowering plants is the study of different parts of the plants, which includes the leaves, flowers, fruits, and stems. In a plant, the flowers either grow individually or in a set of groups, and the groups of flowers are referred to as inflorescence.
Inflorescence can also be referred to as the reproductive part of a plant that contains a group of flowers. It is responsible for the positioning of flowers on the floral axis and it is divided into two categories: racemose inflorescence and cymose inflorescence. In the racemose inflorescence, the main axis keeps on growing and the flower develops itself in an acropetal pattern while in the cymose inflorescence the termination of the main axis takes place and the flower grows in a basipetal pattern.