Question

Diagnosis of MRI image:

• A. Arnold-Chiari malformation
• B. Corpus callosal agenesis
• C. Vein of Galen malformation
• D. Dandy-Walker malformation

Hint:

Arnold-Chiari malformation is associated with hydrocephalus and syringomyelia and is diagnosed through MRI imaging.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Solution:

In the context of diagnosing MRI images associated with neurological conditions, it is crucial to identify key characteristics that differentiate these conditions. Below is an explanation of why Arnold-Chiari malformation is the correct diagnosis, based on MRI findings:

Arnold-Chiari malformation: This condition is identified on an MRI by the downward displacement of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum. It may also be associated with a syrinx or other spinal cord abnormalities.

Let's review the distinguishing features of the other options to clarify why they are not correct:

• Corpus callosal agenesis: MRI would show absence or malformation of the corpus callosum, leading to characteristic findings like "racing car" appearance in coronal sections.
• Vein of Galen malformation: MRI would show an abnormal dilation of the vein of Galen, observable as a large midline vascular structure due to its arteriovenous shunt nature.
• Dandy-Walker malformation: MRI would typically exhibit an enlarged posterior fossa, cystic enlargement of the fourth ventricle, and agenesis or partial agenesis of the cerebellar vermis.

Based on the symptoms and MRI characteristics, Arnold-Chiari malformation is diagnosed by the presence of herniation of the cerebellar tonsils. Therefore, the correct answer is:

Arnold-Chiari malformation