Question

Describe the structure and functions of an antibody.

Hint:

Antibody = Y-shaped, binds antigens, neutralizes pathogens, activates immunity.

Answer 1

Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins produced by B-cells that neutralize pathogens.

Structure:

• Composed of four polypeptide chains: two heavy and two light chains.
• Each antibody has a variable region that binds to specific antigens.

Functions:

• Neutralize pathogens by binding to their surface.
• Activate complement system to destroy microbes.
• Facilitate phagocytosis by marking pathogens for destruction.