Question

Describe the steps in breathing.

Hint:

Breathing is a rhythmic process that allows oxygen to enter the body and carbon dioxide to be expelled, facilitating cellular respiration.

Answer 1

Breathing, also known as respiration, is the process of taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide. The steps in breathing can be broken down as follows:
Step 1: Inhalation (Inspiration)
- The diaphragm contracts and moves downwards.
- The intercostal muscles contract, causing the ribcage to expand.
- This creates a decrease in pressure within the lungs, causing air to flow in through the nose or mouth and fill the lungs.
Step 2: Gas Exchange
- Oxygen from the inhaled air moves from the alveoli (tiny air sacs in the lungs) into the blood.
- Carbon dioxide from the blood moves into the alveoli to be expelled during exhalation.
Step 3: Exhalation (Expiration)
- The diaphragm relaxes and moves upwards.
- The intercostal muscles relax, causing the ribcage to move downwards and inward.
- This increases the pressure inside the lungs, forcing air (containing carbon dioxide) out of the body.
Step 4: Conclusion
Breathing is a continuous cycle of inhalation and exhalation, which is essential for providing oxygen to the body and removing carbon dioxide.