Question

Describe the principle of immunization in brief. Also add a note on passive immunization.

Hint:

Passive immunization is useful for immediate protection but does not lead to long-term immunity like active immunization.

Answer 1

Step 1: Principle of Immunization.
Immunization is the process by which a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine. Vaccines stimulate the body's immune system to recognize and fight pathogens, either by introducing weakened or inactivated pathogens or their components, thus preparing the immune system to respond effectively upon future exposure.
Step 2: Passive Immunization.
Passive immunization involves the transfer of active immunity in the form of antibodies from another individual (e.g., mother to child via breast milk) or from an external source (e.g., anti-serum or immunoglobulin). Unlike active immunization, passive immunization provides immediate protection but does not induce long-lasting immunity.
Final Answer: \[ \boxed{\text{Immunization involves stimulating the immune system to fight pathogens, Passive immunization transfers antibodies to provide immediate protection.}} \]