Question

Describe the mechanism of cryoablation.

Hint:

Cryoablation is effective for treating tumors by inducing cellular death through freezing, making it a safe alternative to traditional surgical methods.

Answer 1

Cryoablation is a minimally invasive technique that uses extreme cold to destroy abnormal tissues or tumors. The process involves the insertion of a cryoprobe into the tissue, where it cools the tissue to sub-zero temperatures, causing ice crystals to form within the cells. This results in cellular damage, apoptosis, and necrosis, ultimately leading to the destruction of the targeted tissue.
Step 1: Mechanism of Action:
1. Ice Formation: When the temperature drops below freezing, ice crystals form inside the cells, damaging the cell membranes.
2. Vascular Damage: The freezing process causes blood vessels to constrict and break, limiting blood supply to the tissue and contributing to tissue necrosis.
3. Cellular Injury: The extreme cold disrupts cellular structures and enzymes, triggering cell death through necrosis or apoptosis.