Question

Describe the ideals expressed in the ‘Objectives Resolution’ by Jawaharlal Nehru in the Constituent Assembly.

Answer 1

The "Objectives Resolution" was moved by Jawaharlal Nehru on December 13, 1946, in the Constituent Assembly of India. It was a landmark document that outlined the fundamental goals and guiding principles for the creation of the Indian Constitution. Nehru’s resolution reflected the ideals that would shape the future of India as a free, democratic, and sovereign republic. The resolution was unanimously adopted by the Constituent Assembly and formed the basis for the framing of the Constitution. Below are the key ideals expressed in the “Objectives Resolution”:
1. Sovereignty of India:
The "Objectives Resolution" explicitly declared India to be a sovereign republic, free from any foreign control. This reflected the Indian leadership's commitment to complete independence from British colonial rule. The resolution asserted that the people of India, through their representatives, would have full control over the country’s political, social, and economic affairs.
2. Establishment of a Democratic Government:
The resolution emphasized the establishment of a democratic government based on popular sovereignty. It called for the formation of a government that would be accountable to the people of India and would be founded on the principles of democracy, equality, and justice. Nehru made it clear that the government should function through democratic means, with respect for human rights and the dignity of every citizen.
3. Justice and Equality:
Nehru's resolution expressed a commitment to establishing social, economic, and political justice for all citizens. It aimed to create a society free from discrimination based on caste, religion, or gender. The resolution highlighted the importance of equality before the law and the removal of untouchability, which would later be guaranteed in the Indian Constitution. It was a call for a society where all citizens would enjoy equal rights and opportunities.
4. Protection of Religious and Cultural Diversity:
The resolution recognized the religious and cultural diversity of India and called for the protection of all religious, linguistic, and cultural communities. Nehru emphasized the need for tolerance and mutual respect among different communities, ensuring that every individual, regardless of their religion, ethnicity, or language, would have the freedom to practice their faith and preserve their culture. This principle laid the foundation for the secular nature of the Indian state.
5. Social and Economic Upliftment:
The resolution stressed the need for the social and economic upliftment of all sections of society, particularly the poor, marginalized, and backward communities. Nehru envisioned a just and egalitarian society, where the benefits of economic growth and social progress would be shared equally by all. It sought to address the deep social inequalities that had existed under British rule and laid the groundwork for progressive policies to eliminate poverty, illiteracy, and unemployment.
6. Constitutional and Legal Framework:
The "Objectives Resolution" outlined the intent to establish a constitutional framework that would be based on the ideals of justice, liberty, and equality. It called for the creation of a legal system that would uphold the rights and freedoms of individuals while ensuring national unity and integrity. The resolution served as a roadmap for drafting a Constitution that would embody the aspirations of a free and democratic India.
7. Commitment to National Unity:
Nehru emphasized the importance of national unity in the "Objectives Resolution." He called for the creation of a united nation that would transcend regional, linguistic, and cultural divisions. The resolution affirmed that India's strength lay in its unity, despite its diversity. The Indian Constitution would, therefore, aim to promote national integration and harmony among all citizens.
8. Secularism:
One of the most significant aspects of the "Objectives Resolution" was its commitment to secularism. The resolution clearly stated that India would be a secular state, meaning that there would be no state religion, and the government would not favor any religion over others. This laid the foundation for India’s secular character, which was later enshrined in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution, ensuring religious freedom for all citizens.