Question

Describe the different imaging modalities used in multiple myeloma patients.

Hint:

MRI and PET/CT are superior to X-rays for detecting early bone marrow involvement and extramedullary disease in multiple myeloma.

Answer 1

Step 1: Overview of Imaging Modalities.
In multiple myeloma (MM) patients, various imaging modalities are used to assess bone involvement, disease progression, and response to treatment. The most commonly used imaging techniques include: 1. X-ray (Radiography): X-rays are the traditional method for detecting bone lesions in MM, particularly lytic bone lesions. However, they are less sensitive compared to modern techniques.
2. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): MRI is used to detect both bone marrow involvement and soft tissue lesions. It is more sensitive than X-rays for identifying early bone marrow changes and extramedullary disease.
3. Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/CT: PET/CT combines the functional imaging of PET with the anatomic detail of CT. It is particularly useful for detecting extramedullary disease and assessing the metabolic activity of lesions. PET/CT is commonly used to monitor response to treatment.
4. Computed Tomography (CT): CT scans provide detailed images of bones and are used for detecting bone destruction and extramedullary disease. They are more sensitive than X-rays but have higher radiation exposure.