Question

Describe the development of tropical cyclone stage of formation of dissipation with diagram.

Hint:

{Four Stages:}

• {Formative:} Thunderstorm cluster, weak circulation
• {Intensification:} Organized depression, wind increases
• {Mature:} Eye forms, strongest winds, spiral bands
• {Dissipation:} Landfall, weakening, circulation collapses

Answer 1

Tropical Cyclone Development and Dissipation

A tropical cyclone is an intense low-pressure system formed over warm oceans, characterized by strong winds and heavy rainfall.

Stages of Development:

• Formative Stage (Tropical Disturbance)
  • Cluster of thunderstorms with weak circulation.
  • Sea surface temperature $> 26.5^\circ C$.
  • Sufficient Coriolis force (at least $5^\circ$ from equator).
• Intensification Stage (Tropical Depression)
  • Closed isobars develop.
  • Wind speed: $37 - 62 \text{ km/h}$.
  • Central pressure decreases.
• Mature Stage (Tropical Cyclone)
  • Well-developed eye at center.
  • Eyewall with strongest winds.
  • Wind speed $> 119 \text{ km/h}$.

Stages of Dissipation:

• Landfall: Moisture supply cuts off; weakening begins.
• Weakening Stage: Wind speeds decrease; structure disorganizes.
• Dissipation Stage: System becomes a remnant low-pressure area.

Necessary Conditions:

• Warm ocean water $\ge 26.5^\circ C$.
• Low vertical wind shear.
• High humidity.
• Pre-existing disturbance.

Energy Source:
Energy is derived from latent heat of condensation released by rising moist air.