Question

Describe any three adaptations in anemophilous flowers. Mention any one example of the anemophilous flower.
Describe any three adaptations in hydrophilous flowers. Mention any one example of the hydrophilous flower.

Hint:

Anemophilous flowers rely on wind, hydrophilous on water; adaptations optimize pollen transfer in their medium.

Answer 1

i. Anemophilous Flowers:
- Large amounts of light, dry pollen to facilitate wind dispersal.
- Exposed stamens and stigmas to maximize pollen transfer.
- Lack of nectar or bright colors, as no insect attraction is needed.
Example: Maize (Zea mays).
ii. Hydrophilous Flowers:
- Pollen grains with mucilaginous coating to prevent water damage.
- Submerged or floating flowers to enable water-mediated pollination.
- Reduced petals to minimize water resistance.
Example: Vallisneria.
Answer: i. Light pollen, exposed reproductive parts, no nectar; e.g., Maize. ii. Mucilaginous pollen, aquatic flowers, reduced petals; e.g., Vallisneria.