Question

Define the following terms:
(a) Denaturation of protein
(b) Invert sugar

Hint:

Denaturation of proteins does not affect their primary structure, but disrupts their secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures, leading to loss of function.

Answer 1

(a) Denaturation of Protein: - Denaturation refers to the process in which a protein loses its native structure due to physical or chemical factors such as temperature, pH changes, or the presence of organic solvents. - This results in the loss of biological activity of the protein because its secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures are disrupted.

(b) Invert Sugar: - Invert sugar is a mixture of glucose and fructose formed by the hydrolysis of sucrose. - During hydrolysis, the sucrose molecule splits into its component monosaccharides, glucose and fructose, causing a change in optical rotation (from dextrorotatory to levorotatory). This is why it is called invert sugar.