Question

Define parthenogenesis. Describe the mechanism of sex determination in honeybees.

Hint:

Haplodiploidy in honeybees ensures a high level of genetic relatedness among worker bees, aiding in social cooperation.

Answer 1

Definition of Parthenogenesis:
Parthenogenesis is a form of reproduction in which an unfertilized egg develops into a new individual.
Mechanism of Sex Determination in Honeybees (Haplodiploidy):
- In honeybees, sex is determined by the ploidy of the individual.
- Fertilized eggs (diploid, 2n) develop into females (workers or queen).
- Unfertilized eggs (haploid, n) develop by parthenogenesis into males (drones).
- Thus, females are diploid and males are haploid. This system is called haplodiploid sex determination.
Final Answer:
\[ \boxed{\text{Parthenogenesis is the development of an organism from an unfertilized egg. In honeybees, males (haploid) arise by parthenogenesis, females (diploid) from fertilized eggs.}} \]