Question

Define Curie temperature in magnetism.

Hint:

\textbf{Below Curie temperature:} Ferromagnetic behavior \textbf{Above Curie temperature:} Paramagnetic behavior Curie temperature is a characteristic property of each material.

Answer 1

Concept:
Ferromagnetic materials (like iron, cobalt, and nickel) exhibit strong spontaneous magnetization due to alignment of magnetic domains. However, temperature affects this alignment.
Step 1:
At low temperatures, magnetic domains are aligned in the same direction, producing strong magnetization.
Step 2:
As temperature increases, thermal agitation disturbs the alignment of magnetic domains.
Step 3:
At a specific temperature called the Curie temperature (\(T_C\)), thermal energy becomes strong enough to destroy the ordered alignment.
Step 4:
Above this temperature, the material loses ferromagnetism and behaves like a paramagnetic substance.