Question

Decreasing surface area to volume ratio helps reduce heat loss in colder climates. In which one or more of the following observations does this play a role?

• A. Related species of mammals are larger in size at higher latitudes.
• B. Birds lay more clutches of eggs at higher latitudes.
• C. Birds and mammals huddle tightly together at higher latitudes.
• D. Mammals have longer limbs and larger ears at higher latitudes.

Hint:

When studying adaptations to cold environments, consider both physiological and behavioral strategies used by animals to maintain body heat.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A, C

Step 1: Bergmann's Rule. 
Larger body sizes at higher latitudes reduce the surface area to volume ratio, minimizing heat loss, as observed in mammals. 
Step 2: Social Thermoregulation. 
Birds and mammals huddle together to conserve heat in cold environments, effectively reducing their exposed surface area and thus heat loss.