Question:

Darwins finches provide an excellent evidence in favour of organic evolution. These are related to which of the following evidences?

Updated On: Aug 1, 2022

Embryology
Palaeontology (or fossils)
Anatomy
Biogeography (or geographic distribution)

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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

Biogeography is the study of the geographical distribution of life forms on earth. Darwin undertook a voyage on the ship HMS Beagle to the Southern Hemisphere, where life is most abundant and varied. Along the way, Darwin found different forms of life very different from those in England. Towards South America, he found that similar species replaced each other. He thought that related species could have been modified according to the environment. His views got confirmed on Galapagos Islands, where he found different modified forms of finches which seemed to have descended from mainland finches as a result of the natural selection.

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Concepts Used:

Evidence for Evolution

Evolution evidence is one of the most important pillars of current biological theory. It is the only way to prove all of the proposed evolution theories. Fossils, comparative anatomy, and embryo development patterns are among the evidence used to support biological evolution.

Fossils are the non-degraded remains of living organisms discovered within rocks. The age of the fossil is determined by the layer in which it was recovered. In comparison to the fossils found in the upper layers, those found farther down are older. They provide insight on the condition of the specific region. Palaeontology is the scientific study of fossils.

Comparative Anatomy describes how many organisms share an origin and how natural selection or genetic drift led to the evolution of many diverse organisms. There were two categories of comparative anatomy found: homologous organs and analogous organs.

In Embryonic Development, until a certain stage of gestation, the embryos of various species have a similar structure. Human embryos, pig embryos, reptile embryos, and bird embryos, for instance, have similar embryonic development. As they grow older, they transform into the appropriate species. This demonstrates common ancestry once again.