Step 1: Understand the function of each coenzyme.
Thiamine pyrophosphate (P) is involved in aldehyde transfer reactions, specifically in decarboxylation reactions of alpha-keto acids.
Tetrahydrofolate (Q) is involved in the transfer of one-carbon groups, typically in reactions where carbon groups (like methyl or formyl groups) are transferred.
Flavin adenine dinucleotide (R) is a coenzyme involved in oxidation-reduction reactions, typically in the electron transport chain and various dehydrogenation reactions.
5′-Deoxyadenosyl cobalamin (S) is involved in methyl group transfer, especially in reactions catalyzed by methyltransferases.
Step 2: Match the coenzymes with the reactions.
P - 5: Thiamine pyrophosphate is involved in aldehyde transfer.
Q - 2: Tetrahydrofolate is involved in the transfer of one carbon group.
R - 4: Flavin adenine dinucleotide is involved in oxidation-reduction.
S - 3: 5′-Deoxyadenosyl cobalamin is involved in methyl group transfer.
Thus, the correct answer is \( \boxed{(A)} \).