Question

Correctly match the bacterial type in Column I with their corresponding environmental niche in Column II:

• A. P-iii, Q-i, R-ii, S-v
• B. P-ii, Q-iii, R-i, S-v
• C. P-i, Q-iv, R-iii, S-v
• D. P-v, Q-iii, R-i, S-i

Hint:

When dealing with different types of extremophiles, remember that their names give hints about their preferred environments. For example, "psychrophiles" are cold-loving, "barophiles" thrive under pressure, "mesophiles" grow in moderate temperatures, and "halophiles" require high salt concentrations.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

We are asked to match bacterial types with their corresponding environmental niches. Let’s break down each bacterial type and its characteristic environment:
- P. Psychrophile: Psychrophiles are organisms that thrive in extremely cold temperatures. These bacteria grow at temperatures below 15°C, and their optimal growth temperature is usually between -20°C to 10°C. Therefore, P-iii is the correct match, where iii represents "Temperature below 15°C."
- Q. Barophile: Barophiles, also known as piezophiles, are organisms that live in environments with high pressure, typically at depths greater than 380 atm, such as in the ocean's deep-sea regions. Therefore, Q-i is the correct match, where i represents "Pressure greater than 380 atm."
- R. Mesophile: Mesophiles are bacteria that grow at moderate temperatures, typically between 15°C and 45°C, and are the most common type of bacteria found in environments like soil and human bodies. Hence, R-ii is the correct match, where ii represents "Temperature between 15°C and 45°C."
- S. Halophile: Halophiles are bacteria that thrive in environments with high salt concentration (greater than 2M), such as salt lakes or brine pools. Hence, S-v is the correct match, where v represents "Salt concentration greater than 2M."
Thus, the correct matching of bacterial types with their environmental niches is P-iii, Q-i, R-ii, S-v.