- (b) CuSO$_4$ + Ca: Calcium displaces copper because calcium is more reactive than copper.
\[\text{Ca + CuSO}_4 \, \rightarrow \, \text{CaSO}_4 \, + \, \text{Cu}.\]
- (d) ZnSO$_4$ + Mg: Magnesium does not displace zinc because magnesium is less reactive.
New products form in cases (b) and (d).