Step 1: Chemical reaction context
This is a reaction of calcium oxide with carbon dioxide to produce calcium carbonate and water. The correct reactant is calcium oxide, CaO, which reacts with CO_2 to form CaCO_3 (calcium carbonate) and H_2O (water).
Step 2: Final Answer
The correct chemical equation is:
\[
\text{CaO} + \text{CO}_2 \rightarrow \text{CaCO}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{O}
\]
\[
\boxed{\text{CaO}}
\]
The colour of the solution observed after about 1 hour of placing iron nails in copper sulphate solution is: