Question

Compare and analyse the following information related to distribution of employment in India: Distribution of Employment (Male–Female) in Different Sectors 

Hint:

Always observe sectoral data in bar graphs by comparing heights and percentages. Employment trends often reflect deeper socio-economic patterns like gender inequality, skill mismatch, and access to resources.

Answer 1

The provided bar diagram shows the distribution of employment for male and female workers across three sectors of the economy: Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary. The key findings from the chart are as follows:
Primary Sector Dominance among Female Workers: A significant 57.1% of female workers are employed in the primary sector, compared to 40.7% of male workers. This indicates that a large number of women in India are still engaged in agriculture and allied activities, often due to lack of access to education, skills, and alternative employment opportunities.
Tertiary Sector Shows Male Preference: 32.8% of male workers are employed in the tertiary (service) sector, while only 25.2% of female workers are engaged in the same. This suggests that men have better representation in sectors like education, healthcare, finance, IT, and public administration.
Secondary Sector Least Engaging for Both: The secondary sector employs 26.5% of male workers and only 17.7% of female workers. Although male participation is higher, both genders have relatively low representation in this sector, indicating limited industrial and manufacturing job absorption capacity.
Gender Disparity in Sectoral Employment: The data reveals a clear gender gap in employment patterns. Females are concentrated more in the informal and less remunerative primary sector, while males are better represented in the organized and formal tertiary sector, which often offers higher income and better job security.
This analysis highlights the need for policy initiatives that promote skill development, vocational training, and better access to modern jobs for women in order to reduce gender disparity in employment.