Question

Choose the most appropriate option after reading the following statements:
1. Whether due to haste or design, the new laws are marked by vagueness, leaving officials all down the organization’s bureaucratic chain great latitude in enforcing them.
2. The opacity of the language leaves the law open to manipulation on political grounds.

• A. Statement 2 can be induced from statement 1.
• B. Statement 1 can be induced from statement 2.
• C. Statement 2 can be deduced from statement 1.
• D. Statement 1 can be deduced from statement 2.
• E. Statements 1 and 2 are independent.

Hint:

When evaluating the relationship between statements, check if one naturally leads to the conclusion of the other. If not, they are likely independent.

Answer 1

Answer: (E)

Step 1: Analyze the content of both statements.
- Statement 1 talks about the vagueness in the new laws and the discretion given to officials.
- Statement 2 discusses the opacity of the language allowing political manipulation, which does not directly follow from statement 1.
Step 2: Compare the relationship between the two statements.
- The two statements discuss different aspects (vagueness in enforcement vs. manipulation), and neither logically follows from the other.
Therefore: The correct answer is \boxed{(E)}.