Step 1: Understanding the terms.
- **Plutocracy** refers to a system where the wealthy class rules.
- **Democracy** is a government system where power is vested in the people.
- **Autocracy** refers to a system of government where one person holds absolute power.
- **Bureaucracy** refers to a system of government where officials and administrators hold power, and decisions are made based on established rules and procedures.
Step 2: Conclusion.
The correct term for government by officials is **bureaucracy**.
Final Answer: \[ \boxed{\text{The correct answer is (D) bureaucracy.}} \]