Question

Choose the correct option(s) from the following regarding the symbiotic relationships:

• A. Lichens are a symbiotic association of fungi and bacteria. They can survive in extreme conditions of air pollution.
• B. Lichens are a symbiotic association of fungi and bacteria. The fungi can absorb water and minerals from atmosphere, and bacteria can generate foods.
• C. Lichens are a symbiotic association of fungi and algae. They can survive in extreme conditions, but are very sensitive to air pollution.
• D. Lichens are a symbiotic association of fungi and algae. The fungi can absorb water and minerals from atmosphere, and algae can generate food through photosynthesis.

Hint:

Lichens are sensitive to air pollution because they rely on clean air for the survival of their algae or cyanobacteria components.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C, D

Step 1: Understanding Lichens
Lichens are a symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae (or cyanobacteria). The fungi provide a structure and absorb water and minerals from the environment, while the algae (or bacteria) perform photosynthesis to produce food.
Step 2: Analyzing the Options
Option (A) is incorrect because lichens are a symbiotic association between fungi and algae, not fungi and bacteria.
Option (B) is incorrect because the symbiotic relationship in lichens involves algae, not bacteria, for food generation.
Option (C) is correct because lichens are very sensitive to air pollution, as the algae within them can be harmed by pollutants.
Option (D) is correct because lichens are formed by the symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae, where the fungi absorb water and minerals, and the algae generate food via photosynthesis.
Thus, the correct answers are (C) and (D).