Question:

Chemically hormones are

Updated On: Aug 6, 2024
  • Biogenetic amines only
  • Proteins, steroids and biogenetic amines
  • Proteins only
  • Steroids only
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

Hormones are chemical messengers produced by the ductless glands (sometimes by neurons) and transported in the circulation to target cells. They regulate metabolic processes. Chemically hormones are of different nature like biogenic amines (like thyroxine, adrenaline etc), proteinaceous or polypeptide (like hypothalamic hormones etc.) and steroids (like sex hormones and adrenocorticoids).
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Concepts Used:

Chemical Coordination and Integration

The chemical coordination and integration of all physiological functions in the animal body are jointly synchronized by the neural and endocrine systems. The control and coordination of body functions are executed by the endocrine glands. They are ductless glands that secrete severel hormones to control and coordinate body functions.

Human Endocrine System:

The human body has several endocrine glands located in different parts. They cover the pituitary gland, thymus, thyroid gland, pineal gland, parathyroid, pancreas (dual gland), adrenal gland, and gonads (testes and ovaries). The liver, kidney, heart, and gastrointestinal tract also produce hormones in small traces to harmonize the functioning of these organs.

The Hypothalamus comprises groups of secretory cells called nuclei which secrets various hormones. These hormones released by the hypothalamus are important in regulating the synthesis and secretion of pituitary hormones.

Functions of Endocrine Glands:

  • Pituitary Gland
  • Pineal Gland
  • Thyroid Gland
  • Parathyroid Gland
  • Thymus
  • Adrenal Gland
  • Pancreas
  • Testes
  • Ovary
  • Hormones of Kidney, Heart, and Gastrointestinal Tract