Question

Causes of hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis with hypertension

• A. Liddle syndrome
• B. Bartter syndrome
• C. Gitelman syndrome
• D. Renal tubular acidosis

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis with hypertension is a condition characterized by low potassium levels, elevated blood pH, and high blood pressure. This condition can result from the excessive retention of sodium and excretion of potassium by the kidneys.

Explanation: Of the options provided, the cause of hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis with hypertension is Liddle syndrome. Liddle syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that mimics hyperaldosteronism.

• Liddle syndrome: It involves a genetic mutation that causes the kidneys to retain sodium excessively, leading to increased blood pressure. This syndrome also results in increased potassium excretion, contributing to hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis.
• Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome: These conditions also cause hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, but they do not present with hypertension. Instead, they are associated with low or normal blood pressure due to impaired salt reabsorption in the kidney.
• Renal tubular acidosis: Generally, this condition does not cause metabolic alkalosis. Instead, it usually presents with metabolic acidosis.

Therefore, the correct answer is Liddle syndrome.