Question

Based on the excerpt on Indonesian Shadow Puppet Theatre: 

Hint:

Separate explicit facts (stated) from implicit inferences (reasonable updates like modern lighting). Mark a claim false if it contradicts explicit text or established meaning (e.g., kulit = skin/leather).

Answer 1

Given facts from the passage (key lines):
— Wayang Kulit is an ancient Indonesian shadow theatre; historically lit by an oil lamp.
— Shows featured Hindu epics.
— Women and children sit on the shadow side; men on the favoured side where colours/features are seen.
— Music is performed by a gamelan orchestra; the puppeteer (dalang) controls puppets and music.
[4pt] Judge each statement:
(I) “Indonesian society accorded pre-eminence to women and children.”
\(⇒\) False. Men sit on the favoured viewing side; not women/children.
(II) “Modern Wayang Kulit probably uses electric lights to cast shadows.”
\(⇒\) True. The passage says historically oil lamps were used, which reasonably implies modern setups would use electric lighting.
(III) “Wayang Kulit had Islamic origins.”
\(⇒\) False. It is an ancient Indonesian art whose performances featured Hindu epics; not Islamic in origin.
(IV) “Gamelan is a traditional ensemble music of Java and Bali in Indonesia.”
\(⇒\) True. This aligns with standard knowledge and is consistent with the passage mentioning a gamelan orchestra.
(V) “The puppets are made of fabric for easy manipulation by the dalang.”
\(⇒\) False. Kulit means ‘skin’; puppets are traditionally made of leather (animal hide), not fabric.
[4pt] Count of false statements \(=\) (I) + (III) + (V) \(=\boxed{3}\).