Question

Arrange the levels of prevention in relation to the natural history of disease.
A. Primordial prevention
B. Secondary prevention
C. Primary prevention
D. Tertiary prevention
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A, B, C, D
• B. A, C, B, D
• C. B, A, D, C
• D. C, B, D, A

Hint:

Think of the timeline of disease:

\textbf{Primordial:} Prevent risk factors.
\textbf{Primary:} Prevent disease onset (in those with risk factors).
\textbf{Secondary:} Screen for early disease.
\textbf{Tertiary:} Soften the impact of existing disease.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understand the concept of levels of prevention. Step 1: The levels of prevention are a framework in public health to classify interventions based on when they occur in the natural history of a disease.
Step 2: Define and order each level.
Step 2:

(A) Primordial prevention: The earliest stage. It focuses on preventing the development of risk factors in the first place (e.g., promoting healthy lifestyles in children to prevent obesity later). It acts before risk factors even emerge.
(C) Primary prevention: Aims to prevent the disease from occurring at all. It targets individuals who have risk factors but have not yet developed the disease (e.g., vaccination, smoking cessation).
(B) Secondary prevention: Aims to detect and treat a disease at its earliest stages (e.g., screening for cancer, checking blood pressure). The disease has started, but may be asymptomatic.
(D) Tertiary prevention: Aims to reduce the impact of an established disease, minimize disability, and improve quality of life (e.g., rehabilitation after a stroke, managing diabetes).
Step 3: Conclude the correct sequence.
Step 3: The correct order from earliest to latest intervention is Primordial \(\rightarrow\) Primary \(\rightarrow\) Secondary \(\rightarrow\) Tertiary, which corresponds to A \(\rightarrow\) C \(\rightarrow\) B \(\rightarrow\) D.