Sir Angus Deaton is a renowned British-American economist.
He is best known for his work on consumption, poverty, and welfare.
He was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Economics for his analysis of consumption, poverty, and welfare, especially in relation to household surveys and development economics.
His research has significantly influenced public policy, particularly in understanding living standards and inequality.
He is not a physicist, writer, historian, or painter — his reputation and recognition are specifically in the field of economics.
Thus, the correct answer is:
\[
\boxed{\text{Economist}}
\]