Question

“An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth” relates to ........... theory.

• A. Reformative
• B. Deterrent
• C. Retributive
• D. Preventive

Hint:

Retributive justice focuses on fairness in punishment and often aims to balance the harm caused by the crime.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

The principle "An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth" is associated with the retributive theory of justice, which emphasizes punishment for wrongdoing as a form of justice. It advocates that a wrongdoer should receive a punishment equivalent to the harm they caused.

Answer 2

The phrase “An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth” is closely associated with the Retributive theory of punishment. This theory is one of the oldest and most traditional justifications for punishment and is rooted in the idea of justice through retaliation or retribution.

Meaning and Origin:
The phrase originates from the ancient legal code known as the Code of Hammurabi, and similar ideas are also found in religious texts like the Old Testament. It embodies the principle of exact and proportionate punishment — where the offender receives a penalty that matches the severity of the crime committed.

Key Principles of Retributive Theory:
1. Deserved Punishment: Punishment is justified because the offender deserves it for the wrongdoing committed.
2. Proportionality: The punishment should be proportional to the offense — neither too harsh nor too lenient.
3. No Consideration of Consequences: Retribution is concerned with justice and moral balance, not with reforming the offender or deterring others.

Modern Context:
While modern legal systems may incorporate rehabilitative and deterrent aspects, retributive principles still play a role in sentencing decisions, especially in cases involving serious crimes. The aim is to uphold justice by ensuring that wrongdoers are held accountable in a fair and proportionate manner.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Retributive.